On-Off Control System for Temperature and Humidity in A Sweet Potato Chip Dryer using Heating Elements
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31961/eltikom.v10i1.2105Keywords:
temperature, humidity, dryer, chips, heatingAbstract
Sweet potato chips are an innovative processed product that has been widely developed by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in several regions. Most sweet potato chips are dried using traditional methods, such as direct sun drying. However, during the rainy season, solar heat cannot be used optimally, so the drying pro-cess tends to be slower. This study aims to create a temperature and humidity control system for a sweet potato chip drying machine using a dual air heater. Based on previous studies, temperature and humidity are crucial factors in food drying because they affect product quality. Earlier studies on drying ovens and temperature-controlled drying systems have shown that on-off control can maintain temperatures close to the setpoint with a simple design and low cost for small-scale applications. In addition, the development of microcontrollers such as the Arduino Uno has made it possible to design automatic control systems that can monitor and adjust temperature and humidity in real time. The method used in this study was the design of a laboratory-scale dry-ing oven equipped with a DHT22 sensor, an Arduino Uno, and an on-off control system using a heater and fan as actuators. System performance was evaluated under several operating conditions, namely with and without the control system. The results showed that the control system was able to maintain the dryer temperature with-in the range of 45°C to 55°C and relative humidity between 35% and 40%. In addition, increasing the drying time from 2 hours to 3 hours reduced the product moisture content from 39.9% to 7.7%.
Downloads
References
[1] G. P. Wardhana, S. Yuliati, and Y. Wasiran, “Laju Pengeringan Chip Ubi Kayu Menggunakan Alat Tray Dryer,” Innov. J. Soc. Sci. Res., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 3712–3719, 2023.
[2] I. M. Al Haq, A. Hodijat, and K. Putranto, “Pengaruh Suhu dan Jangka Waktu Pengeringan Chips Ubi Kayu yang di Fermentasi terhadap Karakteristik Tepung Mocaf,” J. Dimamu, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 224–232, 2025.
[3] R. H. Borrong, Z. Arifin, and V. M. Afma, “Penggunaan Heater Sebagai Alternatif Efektif Untuk Pemanas Pada Mesin Pengering Ikan Dan Kerupuk,” PROFISIENSI J. Progr. Stud. Tek. Ind., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 145–153, 2024.
[4] N. Kıan-pour, “Fundamental drying techniques applied in food science and technology,” Int. J. Food Eng. Res., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 35–63, 2020.
[5] J. J. S. Dethan, “Automated Drying of Moringa Leaves Using an Arduino Uno Microcontroller,” Syntax Lit. J. Ilm. Indones., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 2296–2304, 2024.
[6] Á. Calín-Sánchez et al., “Comparison of traditional and novel drying techniques and its effect on quality of fruits, vegetables and aromatic herbs,” Foods, vol. 9, no. 9, p. 1261, 2020.
[7] M. T. Rashid, K. Liu, M. A. Jatoi, B. Safdar, D. Lv, and Q. Li, “Energy efficient drying technologies for sweet potatoes: Operating and drying mechanism, quality-related attributes,” Front. Nutr., vol. 9, p. 1040314, 2022.
[8] R. P. Putra, A. Sukainah, A. Muhammad, A. Mukhlis, and K. Annisa, “Analysis of the Degradation of Nutritional and Bioactive Components of Purple Sweet Potato during Drying into Flour Using Cabinet Dryer,” J. Agroscience Indones., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 33–41, 2023.
[9] A. A. A. Manao, “Pengaruh Suhu Vacuum Drying Terhadap Sifat Fisiko Kimia Antosianin Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) Yang Dienkapsulasi Dengan Maltodekstrin,” J. BisTek Pertan. Agribisnis dan Teknol. Has. Pertan., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2021.
[10] S. Sabahannur, N. Netty, A. Ralle, and M. Ikhsan, “Efek Metode Blansing dan Suhu Pengeringan Terhadap Mutu Tepung Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.),” 2023.
[11] O. Alvindo and R. Novison, “Studi analisis pengaruh temperatur terhadap ketebalan pada proses pengeringan ubi gaplek,” J. Tek. Mesin, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 133–139, 2022.
[12] T. P. Satya, U. Y. Oktiawati, I. Fahrurrozi, and H. Prisyanti, “Analisis akurasi sistem sensor DHT22 berbasis arduino terhadap thermohygrometer standar,” J. Fis. dan Apl., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 40–45, 2020.
[13] S. Dewi, U. S. Sidin, Y. Tjandi, M. Massikki, and A. M. Mappalotteng, “Development of a seaweed dryer using Arduino Uno equipped with an Oled LCD,” J. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2024.
[14] E. Erham, M. Markus, and W. P. Sopianti, “Design of a new on-off controller based on Arduino UNO R3 with application to Window A/C,” IPTEK J. Proc. Ser., no. 3, pp. 174–182, 2018.
[15] A. F. H. N. Yanuar and H. Hariri, “Perancangan Alat Pengering Cengkeh Berkapasitas 30 kg Berbasis Arduino,” TEKNOBIZ J. Ilm. Progr. Stud. MAGISTER Tek. MESIN, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 122–128, 2021.
[16] I. K. Wiryajati and I. B. F. Citarsa, “Sistem Kontrol Otomatis Suhu dan Kelembaban Chiller Box dengan Termoelektrik,” J. Inform. dan Tek. Elektro Terap., vol. 12, no. 3S1, 2024.
[17] P. Tumutegyereize, “Arduino based control of the Food and Water Conveyance Systems of a Refractance Window Dryer,” Int. J. Sci. Adv., 2021.
[18] D. Hidayat and I. Sari, “Monitoring suhu dan kelembaban berbasis Internet of Things (IoT),” J. Teknol. dan Ilmu Komput. Prima, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 525–530, 2021.
[19] G. Prasidya, “Mesin peniris keripik goreng berbasis motor listrik dan mikrokontroler.” Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, 2018.
[20] J. Jusran and M. I. R. A. Danial, “Modifikasi Sistem Kontrol Suhu pada Alat Pengering Tipe Rak (Tray Dryer) Skala Laboratorium,” J. Pendidik. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 43–54, 2025.
[21] I. F. Tobing, M. Mustaqimah, and R. Agustina, “Modifikasi pengering tipe tray dryer dengan penambahan insulator,” J. Ilm. Mhs. Pertan., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 422–431, 2019.
[22] L. A. Alkahdery, A. V Yurchenko, J.-K. Mohammed, and Y. G. Neshina, “Automated temperature and humidity control and monitoring system for improving the performance in drying system,” Eurasian Phys. Tech. J., vol. 20, no. 2 (44), pp. 32–40, 2023.
[23] E. A. Kosasih, A. Zikri, and M. I. Dzaky, “Effects of drying temperature, airflow, and cut segment on drying rate and activation energy of elephant cassava,” Case Stud. Therm. Eng., vol. 19, p. 100633, 2020.
[24] R. Damayanti, “Application Machine Dryer Mechanical Forced Convection In The Process of Drying Cassava Chip,” J. Innov. Appl. Technol., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 319–327, 2016.
[25] S. Adegbite et al., “The design, development and evaluation of a biomass-fueled cabinet dryer for high-quality cassava flour production,” in Proceedings, MDPI, 2025, p. 7.
[26] M. Purwanti, J. P., and Kadirman, “Water Vaporization and Shrinkage In Cassava ChipsDuring Drying Process Using A Cabinet Dryer Machine,” J. Pendidik. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 3, pp. 127–136, 2017.
[27] B. Susilo and R. W. Okaryanti, “Temperature and humidity distribution study of Mocaf chip hybrid dryer,” J. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 13, no. 2, 2012.
[28] T. Paramitha et al., “Kajian kinetika, analisis energi, dan analisis eksergi pengeringan ubi jalar cilembu dengan tray dryer,” J. Sains dan Teknol. Reaksi, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 45–56, 2022.
[29] E. M. Gonçalves et al., “Influence of air-drying conditions on quality, bioactive composition and sensorial attributes of sweet potato chips,” Foods, vol. 12, no. 6, p. 1198, 2023.
[30] A. M. Yando and V. Paramita, “Studi pengaruh suhu dan ketebalan irisan terhadap kadar air, laju pengeringan dan karakteristik fisik ubi kayu dan ubi jalar,” Metana, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 23–29, 2017.
[31] A. Aisah, N. Harini, and D. Damat, “Pengaruh waktu dan suhu pengeringan menggunakan pengering kabinet dalam pembuatan MOCAF (modified cassava flour) dengan fermentasi ragi tape,” Food Technol. Halal Sci. J., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 172–191, 2021.
[32] M. Adiastoro, A. Arundaya, G. P. Prasetya, D. A. A. Samasta, M. N. Syah, and T. Andrasto, “Pengaruh parameter pid kontroler pada alat pemanas air otomatis,” CONTEN Comput. Netw. Technol., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 71–80, 2024.
[33] Nurfauziah, “Evaluasi Akurasi Kendali PID dan Fuzzt Logic ontrol Dalam Berbagai Aplikasi Sistem Kontrol: A Literature Review,” J. Media Elektron., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 79–85, 2025.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Bobi Khoerun, Cahyono Putra, Rahajeng Kurnianingtyas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All accepted papers will be published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication. CC-BY Licenced means lets others to Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially).
